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lua_push..., lua_pushcclosure, lua_pushfstring, lua_concat, lua_type, lua_is..., lua_to..., lua_gettop, lua_settop, lua_pushvalue, lua_remove, lua_insert, lua_replace, lua_checkstack,

1 lua_push...

void lua_pushboolean       (lua_State *L, int b); 
void lua_pushnumber        (lua_State *L, lua_Number n); 
void lua_pushlstring       (lua_State *L, const char *s, size_t len); 
void lua_pushstring        (lua_State *L, const char *s); 
void lua_pushnil           (lua_State *L); 
void lua_pushcfunction     (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction f); 
void lua_pushlightuserdata (lua_State *L, void *p);

2 lua_pushcclosure

void lua_pushcclosure (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction fn, int n);

LuaGlossary

호출 전의 스택                       호출 후의 스택  
+---------+                          +---------+  
| upvalue |                          | closure |   
+---------+                          +---------+  
| upvalue |                          |   ...   |  
+---------+                          +---------+  
|   ...   |                          |   ...   |  
+---------+                          +---------+

static int counter(lua_State* L); // 어딘가에 선언되어 있는 C 함수 
 
... 
 
int create_closure(lua_State* L) 
{ 
    lua_pushnumber(L, (double)997);   // upvalue로 사용할 값을 스택에다 푸쉬 
    lua_pushcclosure(L, &counter, 3); // closure 생성 
    return 1;                         // 스택의 맨 위에 closure가 1개 푸쉬되었으므로... 
}

static int counter(lua_State* L) 
{ 
    int val = (int)lua_tonumber(L, lua_upvalueindex(1)); // upvalue를 읽어온다. 
    lua_pushnumber(L, ++val);                            // 증가시킨 값을 푸쉬한다. 
    lua_pushvalue(L, -1);                                // 방금 푸쉬한 값을 복사해서 다시 푸쉬한다. 
    lua_replace(L, lua_upvalueindex(1));                 // 복사해서 푸쉬한 값으로 upvalue를 치환한다. 
    return 1; 
}

3 lua_pushfstring

const char* lua_pushfstring(lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...);

4 lua_concat

void lua_concat (lua_State *L, int n);

lua_concat(L, 2); 
 
호출 전의 스택                       호출 후의 스택  
+----------+                           
| "world"  |                           
+----------+                          +---------------+  
| "hello " |                          | "hello world" |  
+----------+                          +---------------+  
|   ...    |                          |     ...       | 
+----------+                          +---------------+

5 lua_type

int lua_type(lua_State *L, int index);

6 lua_is...

int lua_isnil           (lua_State *L, int index); 
int lua_isboolean       (lua_State *L, int index); 
int lua_isnumber        (lua_State *L, int index); 
int lua_isstring        (lua_State *L, int index); 
int lua_istable         (lua_State *L, int index); 
int lua_isfunction      (lua_State *L, int index); 
int lua_iscfunction     (lua_State *L, int index); 
int lua_isuserdata      (lua_State *L, int index); 
int lua_islightuserdata (lua_State *L, int index);

변환될 수 있는 값인가

7 lua_to...

int            lua_toboolean   (lua_State *L, int index); 
lua_Number     lua_tonumber    (lua_State *L, int index); 
const char    *lua_tostring    (lua_State *L, int index); 
size_t         lua_strlen      (lua_State *L, int index); 
lua_CFunction  lua_tocfunction (lua_State *L, int index); 
void          *lua_touserdata  (lua_State *L, int index); 
lua_State     *lua_tothread    (lua_State *L, int index); 
void          *lua_topointer   (lua_State *L, int index);

8 lua_gettop

int lua_gettop (lua_State *L);

9 lua_settop

void lua_settop (lua_State *L, int index);

#define lua_pop(L,n) lua_settop(L, -(n)-1);

10 lua_pushvalue

void lua_pushvalue (lua_State *L, int index);

lua_pushvalue(L, -1); 
 
호출 전의 스택                       호출 후의 스택  
                                     +---------+  
                                     |   999   |   
+---------+                          +---------+ 
|   999   |                          |   999   |  
+---------+                          +---------+  
|   888   |                          |   888   |  
+---------+                          +---------+  
|   ...   |                          |   ...   | 
+---------+                          +---------+

11 lua_remove

void lua_remove (lua_State *L, int index);

lua_remove(L, -2); 
 
호출 전의 스택                       호출 후의 스택  
+---------+                           
|   999   |                           
+---------+                          +---------+  
|   888   |                          |   999   |  
+---------+                          +---------+  
|   777   |                          |   777   | 
+---------+                          +---------+ 
|   ...   |                          |   ...   | 
+---------+                          +---------+

12 lua_insert

void lua_insert (lua_State *L, int index);

lua_insert(L, -2); 
 
호출 전의 스택                       호출 후의 스택  
+---------+                          +---------+  
|   999   |                          |   888   |  
+---------+                          +---------+  
|   888   |                          |   999   | 
+---------+                          +---------+ 
|   777   |                          |   777   | 
+---------+                          +---------+

13 lua_replace

void lua_replace (lua_State *L, int index);

lua_replace(L, -3); 
 
호출 전의 스택                       호출 후의 스택  
+---------+                           
|   999   |                            
+---------+                          +---------+  
|   888   |                          |   888   | 
+---------+                          +---------+ 
|   777   |                          |   999   | 
+---------+                          +---------+

14 lua_checkstack

int lua_checkstack (lua_State *L, int extra);

see also LuaApi

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